Pakking meter



Aug. 10, 1954 R. F. BROUSSARD PARKING METER ll Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 22, 1951 R01: ertFBra ussard 3 5 J 2. w & .w m a b 1954 R. F. BR ussARD 2,685,953

. PARKING METER Filed Sept. 22, 1951 11 Shets-Sheet 5 Robert F 32 0 zzssard Aug. 10, 1954 R. F. BROUSSARD 2,685,953

PARKING METER Filed Sept. 22, 1951 ll Sheets-Sheet 4 3 woe/rm RobertFBrousaard M W-JME Aug. 10, 1954 R. F. BROUSSARD PARKING METER Filed Sept. 22, 1951 ll Sheets-Sheet 5 hwevm;

Rob ertEBroussa rd Aug. 10, 1954 R. F. BROUSSARD PARKING METER 11 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Sept. 22, 1951 3 rwmton fiobez'tfBrozzssard 1954 R. F. BROUSSARD 2,685,953

PARKING METER Filed Sept. 22, 1951 11 Sheets-Sheet 7 Robert FBroussa rd W ZM Aug. 10, 1954 R. F. BROUSSARD 2,685,953

PARKING METER Filed Sept. 22, 1951 ll Sheets-Sheet 8 Robert ZBrozzssard Aug. 10, 1954 R. F. BROUSSARD PARKING METER ll Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed Sept. 22, 1951 Robert I'Brousfizrd W16 rm Aug. 10, 19 54 R. F. ,BROUSSARD PARKING METER ll Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed Sept. 22, 1951 6110671130: .Rofiert EBrozzsgaz-d 1954 R. F. BROUSSARD 2,685,953

PARKING METER Filed Sept. 22, 1951 I ll Sheets-Sheet 11 awenm Robert Ebro ussazd Patented Aug. 10, 1954 PARKING METER,

Robert F. Eroussard, Glendale, Caliii, assignor to Miller Meters, 1110., Chicago, Ill; a corporation of Illinois Application September 22, 1951, Serial No. 247,881

7 Claims.

This invention relates to coin-controlled devices and more particularly to a parking. meter having a coin mechanism which utilizes a manual coin inductor in conjunction with a movable coin carrier and other associated parts as here inafter specified, all assembled within a unitary supporting structure which is adapted for securement in a fixed position within a protecting housing therefor.

This invention is an improvement on the parking meter shown and described in the copending applications or Robert FQBroussard et 2.1., Serial Nos. 142,041 and 142,042 filed on February 2, 1950.

This invention incorporates the safeguards serving to prevent vandalism and illicit practices designed to obtain parking time without payment of the prescribed tolls which are described and claimed in said copending applications, and the features of this invention are directed largely to improvement in the mechanical movement of the parking meter apparatus so as to provide a more efiicient mechanical arrangement of the device.

Parking meters broadly can be divided into two separate groups, namely spring operated and electric operated. The latter form of meter requires for its installation that electrical conduit be laid in the street or sidewalk to supply electrical power to operate the various mechanisms oi the meter, and hence the electrical form has lacked popularity because of the expense necessarily entailed in initially installing the meters.

With the spring-operated parking meters, it is only necessary to mount the meter on a suitable housing post at the desiredlocation in order to complete the installation.

The spring-type parking meters may then selves be broadly classified into two groups, namely the one-motion and two-motion parking meter. The two-motion meter is, as its name implies, one which requires that two separate operations be performedin order to operate the meter. of winding the spring of the timing device to supply power through thetime regulating mechanism which serves at the end of the purchased time to cause the display of asignal of some sort indi ing that the purchased time has expired; The second of the two motions is the settingof the time indicating device to indicate the quantity of time purchased while simultaneously withdrawing from view the-violation signal" device.

The first of these two motions is that In one form-oi two-motion parking meter the motorist supplies both motions. In this form,.a coin is inserted which sets the time indicator and then the motorist must supply power to the timing mechanism by winding a handle or mov ing some other manually operated device. In another form of two-motion parking meter, the timing mechanism is wound by amunicipal'employee whose duty it is to make the rounds of all parking meters, insert a crank and wind the mechanism of each meter. Thus, in this latter form, one of the motions is performedby the employee and the second motion is performed by the motorist when he inserts a coin in the meter.

Both forms of two-motion parking meters are subject to numerous objections. If, in the first form, the motorist fails to Wind the timing mechanism, the meter willshow a violation long prior to the expiration of the purchased time and he may thereupon receive an undeserved traffic ticket for a parking violation. In. the second form of two-motion meter, the employee may fail to wind the mechanism before it has completely run down or may overwind the mechanism so as to cause meter failure. In either instance, the meter fails to give the motorist the benefit of the parking time he has purchased.

Such failures of meters to operate properly in response to the insertion of a coin by a motorist is, of course, extremely irritating to the motorist and may result in such public indignation as to cause the removal of the parking meter entirely.

The one-motion parking meter exemplified in the applications hereinbefore referred to and in this application is one in which a single motion, such as the insertion of a coin by a motorist, not only sets the indicating mechanism but also sup" plies power to the timing mechanism. With-this type of meter it is not necessary that the motorist separately wind the timing mechanism nor is it necessary to engage a serviceman periodically to wind the meters. Thus, with a one motion type of meter, the insertion of a coin insures that the timing-mechanism is wound and insures proper operation of the meter without reliance upon the motorists memory to wind the timing mechanism or vithout reliance upon a municipal em" ployee properly to have serviced the meter beforehand. For this reason, the one-motion type parkingrmeter may be relied upon to operate properly at all times and leaves no. opportunity for mentalv lapse either on the part of the motorist or the serviceman to cause unwarranted traf fic'violation tickets to be issued.

One of thefeatures of this invention is the provision of a new and improved means for supplying power to the mechanism for setting the time indicating device and withdrawing the violation signal and to the timing mechanism which times out the purchased parking time. A further feature of this invention is the provision of means whereby the insertion of a coin by a motorist entails the movement of, a movable member wherein the manual power necessary to move the member is divided by the mechanism and transmitted separately to the time indicating apparatus and to the timing apparatus.

A further feature of the invention is the provision of the parking meter having a first mechanism including a spring for setting the time indicator and withdrawing the violation signal from view and a second mechanism also including a spring for timing out the purchased parking time and to provide such a meter with means whereby the power incident to the insertion of a coin into the meter is divided between both mechanisms to supply power to each of the springs therein.

A further feature of the invention is the provision, in a parking meter of the type described in the preceding paragraph, of a member which must be moved by the motorist as a coin is inserted and to provide such a movable member with means for dividing the power supplied to it and delivering such power in two separate parts to the indicating mechanism and to the timing mechanism.

A further feature of this invention is the provision, in a parking meter of the type described in the preceding paragraphs, of a slip clutch connection between the timing mechanism and the indicator pointer so that the pointer may be moved by the indicating mechanism without affecting the timing mechanism or winding the spring associated therewith. A further feature of the invention is the fact that the provision of the slip clutch permits adjustment of the pointer by a Serviceman even while the meter is running, in the event that the pointer should become misaligned with the scale associated therewith, so that in all events the proper time interval is indicated by the insertion of a coin.

Other and further features and objects of the invention will be readily apparent from the following description and drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the parking meter housing together with a front elevational View of the self-contained parking meter mechanism in its normal position within the housing;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view, taken at line 2-2 of Fig. 1, showing in elevation the locating platewhich serves, in cooperation with other parts, to fix the position of the meter mechanism unit within the housing and to aid in securing the same in place, subject to intentional withdrawal;

Fig. 3 is a plan view on a reduced scale, taken at line 33 of Fig. 1, and showing more particularly the position of the meter mechanism within the housing and the vertical grooves or guideslots designed to receive the locating plate;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a removable spring metal keeper which normally functions, conjointly with the locating plate of Fig. 5, to locate and secure the meter mechanism in place within the housing;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the locating plate for the meter mechanism;

Fig. 6 is a small scale front elevation of the meter mechanism, exclusive of the housing;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged side elevation of the meter mechanism as viewed from the left of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged side elevation of the meter mechanism as viewed from the right of Fig. 6 (being the reverse of Fig. '7) the manually operable coin inductor being omitted from this view in order to expose other parts located at the rear thereof;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged section, taken on line 99 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 10 is an exploded view showing the framework of the meter mechanism and the graduated time scales or dial plates, together with a few mechanical parts including the violation fiag and the manually operable coin inductor by means of which the meter is manually set for operation coincidentally with the deposit of a com;

Figs. 11 and 11a, taken together, constitute an exploded view of the mechanical components of the meter mechanism which, for the most part, are located on or immediately associated with what will be referred to as the major axis, Fig. 11a being a continuation of Fig. 11;

Fig. 12 is an assembly of the parts shown in Figs. 11 and 11a;

Fig. 13 is an exploded view showing, in perspective, a group of parts which for the most part are located at a lower level than those shown in Figs. 11, 11a and 12, and comprising the plates forming the coin track, the coin-release mechanism, the coin counter and the pawl which advances the time-setting plate in response to a minor coin;

Fig. 14 is a sectional view, taken at line 44-44 of Fig. '7, showing the several exhibited parts in their normal positions;

Fig. 15 is a sectional view, taken at line I5-l5 of Fig. 8, showing the manually operated coin inductor in a partially depressed position and the power plate in a corresponding position;

Fig. 16 is a view similar to Fig. 15, showing the coin inductor in fully depressed position and the power plate in its extreme off-normal position wherein it is latched to the coin carrier and about to return to normal position, thus rotating the coin carrier from coin-receiving to the coin discharge position;

Fig. 17 is a view similar to Figs. 15 and 16, showing the manually operated coin inductor and the power plate restored to normal position and illustrating how the latch is dc-actuated to allow the coin carrier to return to its normal position, a major coin being shown in process of being discharged from the coin carrier into the coin chute;

Figs. 18-21 inclusive are views designed to i1- lustrate progressively the manner in which the timing mechanism is set for operation in response to a major coin, Fig. 21 being intended to illustrate a special situation which often arises where the meter is adapted to afford two major units of parking time in exchange for two major coins, and where the second major coin is inserted in the coin slot just prior to expiration of one such unit of time;

Figs. 22-24 inclusive are views designed to illustrate progressively the manner in which the timing mechanism is set for operation in response to a minor coin, Fig. 23 being intended to illustrate how the difierence in diameter between a major and a minor coin is accentuated by a1tering the contour of the coin track;

Fig. 24a is a detail in section, taken on line Ma-44a of Fi 9;

zge'ssgese Fig." 2 5"-is an-explode'dview showirig in per spective the time-indicating pointer and certain associated parts, togetherwiththe troub1e =flag and. a yoke which serves as coupling mediumbetween the trouble-flagand the violation flag;

Figs.-26 3o inc1usive are aseries of se. 111a grammatie views illustrating progressively the operation of the trouble" flag and the violation flag; and

Figs. 3l'36-' incl isive are detail views showing the timing spring and associatedmechanism, together with thenieans'for supplying power to such tim'inf'g s'prin While this invention issiisoeptible of embodiment in manydiiierent forms, there is shown in Preliminary explanation of the subject parking meter and statement of invention.

The speoificparking met'eechosen for illustration' anddesoriptionds' susceptible of operation with coins of two" diifer'ent denom'mations; viz; coins of two different diameters, as forexampl'e nickels' andpennies. The'coin' of larger diameter is referred to herein as a major coin whereas the coin of small diameter is referred to a minor coin. The meter-is designed to receive amaxirnum of two major coins, or one major coin and fi'v'e' minor coins, or ten minor coins; and to afford proportionate parkingtime; but none of the novel features of the invention is limited in its utility to meters answering to the above description.

e entire'met'erinstallation herein chosen by w y of example comprises a metal housing mounted on a hollow post within which is aremovable coin box, and a self-contained unitary meter r eohanism mounted-for easy removal within the housing. The present application is concerned wi'th the meter mechanismper se.

The major components of the illustrated meter mechanism itself are? A; A first power rnechanisrn'inoludinga rotary power plate,- a ower" spring rotationally biasing tlie'powerpl ate tcwarda normai'positi'on, a latch carried by the power plate and operative to releasaioly couple the power plate t'othe' coin carrier; a second power mechanism including a spring for driving a timing device to timeout purchased-parking time; a manually operable elernent for energizing both power mechanisms in di'vidu'ally andsimultaneously setting the meter; and constituting a coin inductor which may take the form 'ofa pivoted armiorpush plate having a'coin' slit through which 'coins areazimitted to the coin carrier, anda pair of pusher links each hinged to'the manually operahle'element one ofreceiving positrors-tc an alternate coin-discharge position-; and mounting aspring-biased coin gaueewhiclr s movable in response to a major coiri'toai -predetermined position in" which it is efi e'ot e upon rotation of the-coin carrier to set the time indicator for a period corresponding to the value of the m ajor-coin (usually one hour) and movable in response to a minor coin to a differentpredetermined position in which it is effective upon rotation of the coin carrier to set the time iridicatonfona shorter period proportionate to the value of theminor coin.

C. Time indicating-means in the form of a graduated'soale on' a dial plate, and a time indicator or pointer-cooperating with the scale and spring-biased toward the zero scale indicia, but movable along the scale-in response to coin-con trolledactuation-of the'rneter to an extent correp} sponding to" the valueof the deposited coin.

D. A timing'r'egulator' or brake in the form of a gear-trainandescapement which functions to retard the return movement of the time indicater:

E. A'-'co' in counting" mechanism which registers in a'c'cor'clancewith the value of each deposited coin and thus providesa cumulative record of receipts;-

F. A coin release mechanism which operates to 'arrest each coin" inregistration with an observation window and thereafter releases'the arrestedcoin when another coin or" the same denomination is inserted in the meter.

To set the meter for obtainrnent of parking time; the-motorist inserts either a major coin or a minor coin in the'coin slit simultaneously exerts pressure against the manually operabie coin inductor in which the coin slit is formed; and he may; if. he desires, inserttwo major coins or anynuniber of minor coins up to the value of two major coins and thus obtain the maximum allowable parking time or any desired proportionate part thereof. He must, however, actuate the coinindiictor'after each insertion of a single coin because the coin carrier is not designed to receive'more than one coin at a time.

When, after inserting a proper coin, the motorist depressesthe manually operable inductor plate, he causes the power plate to rotate from a normal at-res't position to an alternate position and at the same-tithe energizes a power spring whichfunctionsto return the power plate to its normal position. When the'power plate reaches its" alternateposition; a latch. carried thereby engages the coin carrier and couples the same to the power plate so that, upon the return rotation of thepower'plate under the impetus or" the power springit' carries with'it the coin carrier and thus rotates th'ecoin carrier from its coin-receivin positiomto the'eoin discharge position; As soon as the coin carrier reaches the coin-discharge position,the coin-carrier is released and a biasing spring connected thereto returns the coin carrier to its coin-receiving position where it is ready to receive another coin. During rotation of the" coin'carrier away from itscoin-receiving position, it carries with'iteither a major or minor ooin-whioh-is held-in placeby a stationary coin traokalong which the-coin rolls or slides; and the coin gauge visat the-same time held by the coin in an on? normal positioncorresponding. to they diameter of the coin. If the coin is a major one", thecbiri gauge is so positioned thereby that it en 'ag'es a tooth on a time control plate and is" thereby ene'ctive' to move the time indicator tli'ioii gha majorangulardistance" in response to rotation of the coin carrier while the latter is moving from coin-receiving to coin-discharge position. If the coin is a minor one, the coin gauge is so positioned thereby that it does not engage the time control plate tooth but, instead, engages and actuates a pawl which, in turn, engages and rotates a ratchet wheel and thereby effects rotation of the time indicator to an extent corre sponding to the value of a minor coin. In either event, the time indicator is moved away from its zero position. A second spring is provided for restoring the time indicator to its zero position. This latter spring, however, is connected to an escapement or other timing mechanism to delay the operation thereof for a time equal to the purchased parking time. The time indicator, when moved away from its zero position by the coin gauge, as just described, does not affect the timing mechanism, which is connected thereto through the medium of a slip clutch to permit such initial movement of the time indicator.

While the illustrated meter mechanism is designed to afford a maximum of two major units of parking time (usually two hours) in exchange for two major coins (nickels) or ten minor coins (pennies) it can easily be converted so that it is capable of being set to afford a maximum of one major unit of parking time. The duration of one major unit of time ordinarily is one hour, but that is determined by the time regulator which can be designed either to increase or decrease the interval required for the time indicator to scan the graduated scale.

It will be noted that in the one-motion parking meter described in the copending applications previously referred to, the power plate and coin carrier during their rotation served to wind the spring associated with the timing mechanism. Thus the entire power was supplied substantially along a single line. Because of this fact, it was necessary that the various parts be made capable not only of receiving and supplying power to the mechanism immediately associated therewith but that they be further capable of receiving power and transmitting that power to a second, namely the timing, mechanism. Some difiiculties have been experienced because of this added requirement for strength. Another feature of the invention is the provision of a parking meter in which each of the mechanisms receives and transmits only that portion of the power applied to the mechanism as a whole which it needs to perform its functions. Thus in the present meter, the mechanism associated with the coin carrier and the means for initially setting the time indicator is powered by a spring which stores power from the movement of the inductor plate sufficient only to operate that portion of the mechanism while the spring which moves the time indicator to zero through the timing or escapement mechanism receives its power directly from the inductor plate and not through the first mentioned mechanism.

General description with reference to the drawings The parking meter installation herein disclosed comprises a housing H supported on a suitable post (not shown), a meter mechanism M, and a removable coin box B whichis positioned below the meter mechanism. A coin-receiving slot is provided in the coin box at its upper end, in register with a coin-discharge opening in the bottom of the meter mechanism, to receive therefrom both major and minor coins as they descend by gravity.

The housing H comprises a hollow body In which preferably. is an aluminum casting, and a removable cover I2 including a transparent hemispherical dome [3, preferably plastic, and a metal retainer I4 which serves to hold the dome I3 in place and is threaded internally to detachably engage the housing body. The arched portion I la of the dome I3 is a relatively narrow bridge and does not enclose the dome or interfere with essential visibility therethrough of the graduated time scale and indicator, nor of the trouble and violation flags. An annular gasket I5 is held against the peripheral edge of the dome l3 by means of a ring l6 which is threaded into the retainer I4, thus rendering the housing weathertight.

The meter mechanism M is a self-contained unit which can be withdrawn bodily from the housing H, after first removing the dome I3, and it is appropriately located and removably held in place within the housing by means of a locating or positioning plate I8 (see Fig. 5), and a keeper 2!! (see Fig. 4). The locating plate l8 serves, among other purposes, in cooperation with the keeper 20, to so position the meter mechanism that a manually operable element, constituting a coin inductor, in which is included a coin-receiving slit, registers with an opening 22 through the wall of the housing body l0, and at the same time functions to align the coin-discharge opening in the bottom of the meter mechanism with the coin-receiving opening in the top of the coin box B, the object being to expedite servicing of the meters by making it possible for authorized employees to remove and replace the meter mechanisms quickly and without exercise of special skill. A circular plate 23 supported on the frame of the meter mechanism M serves to conceal from view the apparatus therebelow, and provides a conspicuous surface for display of relevant parking regulations such as the hours during which parking tolls are required to be paid, and the prevailing exceptions.

All the component parts of the meter mechanism are supported, directly or indirectly, by an articulated framework comprising primarily three laterally spaced plates 25, 26 and 21, a number of tubular spacers 28, a number of tie bolts 29 which pass through the plates and the spacers, and a number of screws 30 which are threaded into the ends of the tie bolts 29. The exploded perspective view of Fig. 10 shows the configurations of the three frame plates and serves, in conjunction with Figs. 7-9, to clarify the construction of the framework. For convenience, we may refer to the plate 25 as the front plate, to the plate 2'! as the back plate, and to the plate 28 as the intermediate plate.

Unused parking time is shown by a time indicator in the form of a pointer 35 having an axis of rotation at 36 (see Figs. 1 and 6) and a graduated scale 31 which, for present purposes, may be considered as calibrated for two major units of time of one hour each. As viewed in Figs. 1 and 6, the zero indicia is at the right-hand end of the scale, and the indicator 35 moves counterclockwise when the meter is being set, and clockwise when the meter is running down. The opposite holds true when the meter is viewed from the other side. Setting of the meter is accomplished by inserting either a major or minor coin in the coin-receiving slit 4!) and depressing the man- 91 ually operable-coin inductor 4| in which-thawinreceiving slit 40 is formed.

The coin inductor dlwhichmay-take theform of a push plate and is sometimesso referred to hereinaiter,- is a cast. metal part comprising a finger-engaging bridge portion 41c interconnecting two laterally spaced parallel arms iib and 4.10 each of which is .aperturedvat its-lowerexe tremity to engage a fulcrum. The -.iulcrumto which the arm 41b is connectedis'one :of the .tue bularspacers 28; and-the fulcrum. to whichthe arm M isconnectedrisa screw'42 whichlatter is one of the group which includes the screwsififl but has an extra longheadjto afiordan adequate heavy surface for the arm Alcisee Figs. 8 and .10). The push plate 4! is biasedoutwardly by a spring 43and normally; assumes. the. out"- ward position in which it isshown in Figs. 1 and 6;. A pin Mi (see Fig. 10), projecting laterally from one side of the coin-inductor functionsto limit the reciprooatory movement-thereofinboth directions, and for that; purpose isextended through an arcuaterslot 45: inEthe-p1ate see Fig. 10).

A first pusher link; is I pivot-ally; connected .at oneend to a lug st! oZ-which forms anintegral part of the coin inductor ti. (seeFigs. 10 and 14).; and normally assumes the -.approximately horizontal position in which. it. islshownf-in .Fig.;14. This links serves as apower transmittingmedium between the coin inductor 4! and a so-calledpower mechanism,=' which latter "is energizedzinzresponse to each inward movement of the'coin; inductor and thereupon utilizes itsstored energy tor0- tatea coin carrier, which, in turn, is effective to set anindicator proportionately. to the-value of the deposited coin. A secondpusher-link 4 is provided with a hole- 47c at one endalignedwith the hole in the side Mb andhis'secured-to the pusher plateby meansof apin-Alhsoasto -be firmly but swingably. attachedto the push plate. Thissecond -pusher link serves as a power trans.- mitting medium between thecoininduct'or 4i and a second power mechanisrn for,operatingthe'tim; ing means of the device.--

The power mechanism first mentioned in the preceding paragraph. includesa powerplate-=48 (see especially Figs.'-t9 and' :11) affixed to .a sleeve iiwith which it is rotatable and; whichis. diametricall slotted at (see Figs. 9 and12i0t-).-to en'- gage the medial portion of .a ribboni'power spring 5| where it is reversed and wound'into-coils :whose opposite ends are: slotted. for. engagement. by hooksi in which 'are -outstruckzfroma sheet metal housing-52 detachably connected Withcapacity for rotative adjustmentrto' the outersurface of the. front frameplateZFfiwith theraidi-rivets "52s.. A- spring so formed is, doubly GlTECtilZG'fOI' supplying the power desired for operation of theasso ciated mechanism. Thesleeve leis journaled-in an opening in the-plate .125fa-nd;in: turn, provides a-bearing for a shaft 53: the function of wh-ich'will later be explained.

A steel roller 54 is carried by a pin 55 which; in tuiis. secured to oneia'ceoi the power plate 48 at a point radially remote from its axis of rotation and is positioned for engagement byy'the free'end of the pusher link 46 upon depression of the coin inductor 4i. Adjacent its free end, the pusher link is providediwith. a semi-circular por tion shaped to .conformtothe peripheryotthe roller54 (see Fig. 14).) The linkterminatesin an integrally formed liplfif, adapted to be: con.- tacted by a segmental camplateiificfirzed to: the

coin carrier mechanism hereinafter. to be described. The link 46 .isalso provided with atailpiece 4611. which normally, bears againsta boss on; the coin inductor 4| so as to. be held inthe position of Fig. 1,4 wherein it is adapted tcengage the roller 54. A spring 460. serves to biasthe pusher link 45- downwardly towardthe normal position in which it is. shown. in. vFig. 14. As the coin inductor 4| ispressed inwardly, the pusher link.46 engagesthe roller Mend thusrotatesthe power platewand. the sleeve is through a predetermined distance, thereby energizingv the power spring 5! so that .whenthe power plate .is released it willreturn to its normal position under the impetus of...this spring. The normal posi-.- tion of the. powerplate is determined by astopj'l (seeFig. l ilwhich normally engages. a shoulder on the power plate.

One of the strange.v phenomenon associated with parking meters is the factthat the motoring public generally does. not approve of meters .and looks upontheinaslegitimate objects of sabotage. An otherwise honest motorist apparently, feels no qualms of consciousness ash'e attempts to .obtain parking time by th'euse of slugs, nail files or other devices and many persons have figured out various and ingenious. schemesfor manipulating the parking. meterillegitimately to obtainparking time. One of the favorite schemes is ,to press inwardly on thecoin receiving, member. untillit engages the operating mechanism of the meter but not until it reaches. its release point. By so doing and by subsequently releasing the inward pressurethernovable plate or coinv inductor remains locked inan inward position... Thus. any time showing on vthemeter will not run outand the motorist receives an indefinitely prolonged parkingv period. Another. favorite device is. to inserta minorcoiniand. move the coin inductor inwardlyuntilit catches the ratchet mechanism which sets the pointer. By careful manipulation the culprit can seesaw the coin inductor back and forth, with each oscillation of the inductor serving to move the pointer the period allotted to a minor coin. Thus if such. period be twelve minutes, oscillatorymovement by the coin inductor a half. a dozen times will cause the indicator to indicate an hour and twelve minutes of time as having been purchased. One of the features ofthe present. invention isthe particular con.- structionnf the link 45 and the, cam. plate 66a which serve to prevent such illicit practices- In the event an attemptshould be made to lock the present meter or to seesaw the inductor ll in the manner justdescribed such movement of the inductor causes rotational movement of the .coin carrier to which the cam plate c isattached. The cam plate 6.6a thereby contacts the lip, 35i lifting the link out of contact with the roller 54 thus allowing the power plate 38 to return to normalposition; This return movement of the power plate moves the coin carrier to coindischarge position and allows the meter to r turn toits initial position.

A latch 6.0.:(seeFig. 11), carried byand .ro tatable on. a pivotBl secured to the power plate 48," is biased. by a spring 62 in the clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. .14, and in the counter.- clockwise direction as viewed .in Figs. 15-17 inclusive. This latch includes three radially pro.- jecting arms 69d, 62) and We (see. Fig. 11).. When the power plateisin its...norma1 position (see Fig. 14.) thearm 60b is pressed by the spring BZagainst the stop .51; when, however, the power plate ismovedaway -from the normal position .of

1 1 Fig. 14, the latch 60 is rotated by the spring 62 until the arm 660 is brought to bear against a stop pin 63 carried by and projecting laterally from the power plate. The function of the latch 60 will be explained in connection with a coin carrier 66 now to be considered.

The coin carrier is a self-contained sub-asseme bly and is shown most clearly, as an entirety, in Fig. 11. Many of the parts included in the coin carrier sub-assembly are separately shown in Fig. 11, it being impossible to illustrate clearly the entire assembled unit in a perspective view. The body of the coin carrier is identified as a whole by the reference numeral 66, and it consists principally of two outer plates 61 and 69 and an intermediate plate 68 fixedly secured together and rigidly mounted on a bushing which is rotatable on the sleeve 49 forming part of the power mechanism (see Figs. 9 and 11). The sleeve 49 has an annular groove at its inner end for reception of a snap-on washer 12 which serves to hold the coin carrier in place on the sleeve 49. A coiled torsion spring 13 (see Fig. 11) is mounted on the bushing 10 (see Fig. 9), and has its two ends connected respectively to the power plate and to the plate 61 of the coin carrier. This spring serves to bias the coin carrier toward its normal coin-receiving position and consequently functions to return the coin carrier to that position after it has been rotated by the power mechanism to the coin-discharge position and then released. The three coin carrier plates 51, 68 and 69 are so contoured that they form conjointly a coinreceiving pocket 15 designed to receive 'both major and minor coins, one at a time. This pocket opens peripherally of the carrier at a location which registers with the coin-receiving slit 49 in the coin inductor, i. e., the push plate 4|, when the coin carrier is in its normal coin-receiving position (see Figs. 11 and 14-16 inclusive).

If the coin carrier were unrestrained it would rotate under the impetus of the power spring 5| and, in the opposite direction, under the impetus of its restoring spring 13 (see Fig. 11) at excessively high speeds such that there would be no release of a minor coin from a rocker arm, and a faulty operation of a counter, both to be hereinafter described in detail. For these reasons means have been provided for retarding the rotation of the coin carrier in both directions. This consists of a somewhat massive rocker l6 mounted on a rocker-shaft ll and provided with two escapement pallets l8 and 19 which engage a series of V-shaped teeth 69d on the periphery of the carrier plate 69 (see Fig. 11) The two endsof the rocker-shaft l! are reduced to form trunnions which are journaled in openings provided therefor in the front and intermediate frame plates 25 and 26 (see Fig. 7). As the carrier rotates, the rocker 16 is oscillated by the alternate action of the teeth tSa on the pallets i8 and 79. The rotational inertia of the rocker l5 determines its oscillation period with respect to any assumed torsional force acting on the coin carrier; hence the speed of rotation of the coin carrier can be increased or decreased by proportionately increasing or decreasing the rotational inertia of the rocker 16.

The carrier plate 61 has a radially projecting position of the coin carrier wherein it is adapted to receive in its coin pocket 15 a coin which is passed thereto through the coin-receiving slit 40 of the inductor 4|.

The carrier plate 61 has a laterally projecting pin 82 on which is mounted a small roller 63 which is in the path of the free end of the arm 63a of the latch 60 when the latter is so biased by the spring 62 (see Fig. 14) that its arm 60c rests against the stop pin 63 (see Fig. 16) When the power plate is being rotated away from its normal position of Fig. 14 toward the alternative rotative position shown in Fig. 15, the latch 60 is deflected rotationally, the camming action of the roller 83 bearing against the arm 60a, thus allowing the latch to escape said roller. Just before the power plate is released by disengagement of the roller 54 from the pusher link 46, and is about to return to its normal position under the impetus of the power spring 5|, the free end of the latch arm 60a clears the roller 83 whereupon the latch 66 is rotated by its biasing spring 62 to a position wherein the arm 60c bears against the stop pin 63. As shown in Fig. 16, the free end of the arm 66a is in a position to drivably engage the roller 83, thus coupling the coin carrier to the power plate. Immediately after the latch 60 has assumed the position of Fig. 16, the power plate is released by an over-center movement of the pusher link 46 which is brought about by the action thereon of the pin 56 (see 15). During the return movement of the power plate the coin carrier is rotated bodily from its normal coinreceiving position to its alternate coin-discharge position as illustrated in Fig. 17. This movement of the coin carrier is efiected by the power mechanism by virtue of the roller 83 being drivably engaged by the latch 60. While the coin carrier is being rotated from its normal coin-receiving position to its alternate coin-discharge position the power plate is rotating from its alternate position to the normal position thereof shown in Fig. 14. Upon near completion of the return movement of the power plate, the latch arm 60b strikes the stop 51, and the latch is thus rotated in a direction to release the roller B3, whereupon the coin carrier returns to its normal position under the impetus of its restoring spring 13 (see Fig. 17).

The coin in the pocket 15 of the coin carrier must be held in place While the carrier is rotating from its normal coin-receiving position to its alternate coin-discharge position, and yet in such a way that it will be quickly ejected when the coin carrier arrives at the coin-discharge position. Moreover the coin must be held at a predeter- "mined distance from the center of rotation of the coin carrier, l. e., the major axis of the meter, so that it will, in turn, hold the coin gauge (to be hereafter described in detail) in a proper position so that the time indicator will be moved to an extent corresponding either to a major coin 'or a minor coin, depending upon which kind of coin has been deposited. To these ends there is provided acoin track partially encircling the coin carrier and constituting a curved coin-supporting surface 35 in line with the coin pocket 15 in the coin carrier body 66 and formed on one edge of a plate 86 (see Fig. 13) which is held between two additional plates 81 and 88 which together provide coin guide walls to prevent excessive lateral displacement of the coins as they proceed along the coin track. The three plates 86-88 are supported on some of the tie bolts 29 and jointly held in position laterally by certain of the tubular spacers 28. As shown in several aces-p53 13 of the figures (for example Fig. 21) the coin track is spaced at some distance radially from the periphery of the coin carrier and is effective to hold the coin only partially extended into the coin carrier pocket.

The coin gauge Referring now more particularly to Figs. 11 and -l8-2-i,.attention is directed to the so-called coin gauge whose primary function is to differentiate between major and minor coins and thus determine the extent to which the time indicator shall be rotatively displaced in response to each coin insertion and accompanying actuabody plates 67 and 63 and is staked at the end to effect a firm attachment to the carrier body. An edgewise view of the assembled coin gauge is shown in Fig. 8.

fhe arm 93 has a laterally projecting finger eta which is disposed within the coin pocket 75 in the path of the inserted coin, and a second laterally projecting finger 9% designed to cooperate with a complementary finger 9la on the arm St, the latter overlapping the finger 90b in the manner shown in Figs. 11 and 18. The spring as bears at its .end 93a against the periphcry of the projecting end of the bushing it from whence it extends upwardly around the spool 92 in the counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 18, thence around a lug Site on the arm 90 in the counterclockwise direction, and thence again around the spool 92, but in the clockwise direction. The opposite end 93b of the spring bears against the finger sla. With this spring arrangement, involving as it does only one spring,

thearm Bil is biased outwardly so that the finger 90a normally assumes a position adjacent the periphery of the coin carrier (see Fig. 18) while the arm ti is biased in the opposite direction. When the finger 90a is pressed inwardly of the coin carrier the arm. 99 will rotate in the counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 18, and the arm M will at the same time rotate in the same direction, due to its spring bias. Since the only force tending to rotate the arm SI in the counterclockwise direction is that exerted by the spring 93, the arm 99 is accordingly free to rotate counterclockwise independently of the arm ti if anything should interfere with rotation of the latter arm in that direction. Under certain condi ions there may be interference with rotation of the arm ill in the counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 18, hence the use of two arms til and ill instead of a single arm as heretofore.

The time indicator setting mechanism and timing gear train or brake The shaft 53 (see Fig. 9) whose axis of rotation coincides with the major axis of the meter mechanism is journaled in the sleeve 49, and rotatably mounted on the shaft is a disc-like cam member 98 which constitutes the driven element of a uni-directional clutch which serves in the manner of a ratchet and pawl device to permit 14 the storage .of power in the. timing spring and permits rotation in the. direction indicated by the arrow on the member 96 in Fig. 11.

A hub 960 is fixedly secured to the cam member 96 and is rotatably mounted on the shaft 53 adjacent its right-hand end (as seen in, Fig. 11). The shaft 53 is enlarged at its right-hand end to provide a bearing journaled in the intermediate plate 223. To the hub 960 is secured one end of the timing spring hereinafter to be described.

Attached to the end of the shaft 53 adjacent the intermediate frame plate 26 by means of a left-hand screw is a flexible coupling 93 which, in turn, is connected to the driving shaft of. a brake mechanism .99 comprising a gear train .lllll together with an escapement IN and a balance wheel I02. The brake mechanism 99 which is a self-contained unit of familiar construction is detachably mounted on the rear frame plate 2?. Its function is to regulate the rate of return of the time indicator 35, and it is capable of adjustment by altering the tension of a hair spring in generally the same way that an ordinary timepiece is adjusted. The coupling 93 includes a driving disc its, a driven disc I95, and an intermediate disc ifit interposed between the driving and driven discs and having four peripheral notches ltlia arranged in quadrature and engaged by laterally projecting ears will and 535a formed on the driving and driven discs, respectively (see Fig. 11a). Such a coupling will operate satisfactorily even when there is some axial misalignment of the main shaft and brake mechanism, and so is advantageous on this account. The driven disc IE5 is provided with a central hub it? which is internally threaded to engage the correspondingly threaded end of a driven shaft Edi? constituting part of the brake mechanism Q3 (see Fig. 9). The entire brake mechanism, including the driven shaft N38, is enclosed within a sheet metal housing its which is detachably secured to the rear frame plate 21 by means of three screws lid. By virtue of the coupling 98, the brake mechanism st, together with the driven disc W5, is immediately withdrawable upon removal of the three screws lit. Replacement of the brake mechanism, in event of trouble therewith, can consequently be efiected in a minimum of time.

A sleeve H2 (see Fig. 9) loosely mounted on the shaft 53 has affixed to it a spur gear H3 and a ratchet wheel I i i. A cup-like sheet metal housing H5 which encloses the clutch disc .98 and serves as the driving member of the clutch is press fitted on a knurled portion 53b of the shaft 53. The clutch disc 95 (see Fig. 11) is provided with two diametrically opposite notches sea, each designed to receive a Ushaped leaf spring lit; and this disc is further cut away to form at opposite sides of its axis of rotation two parallel surfaces 962) each forming a track on which is positioned one of two rollers l is. These rollers are positioned in the plane of the disc as Within the housing H5, and the chords of the two surfaces 9% are such as to form with the housing two roller-chambers of radially graduated width so that, when the hub Qtc and cam member 9% are biased toward rotation in the direction opposite to thatindica'ted by the arrow on the member 55 in Fig. 11, the two rollers are gripped between the respective surfaces 93?) and a the internal annular surface of the housing H5.

Rotation of thehub 95c, and hence'the cam 9.6,

'15 is permitted in the direction indicated to store power in the timing spring.

A slip clutch assembly generally designated I I! is used to provide a driving connection between the housing I I and the spur gear I I3 and ratchet sector H4. The slip clutch includes a clutching member Illa mounted for free rotation on the shaft 53 and provided with four flexible metal fingers IIIb adapted to bear against the base of a recess lISa formed in the spur gear II3. A thrust washer IIl'c is also mounted on the shaft 53 intermediate the clutching member Illa and the face of the housing H5, and the shaft 53 is further provided with an annular notch 530 to receive a lock washer 53d to hold the parts in assembled relationship, it being understood that when the parts are so assembled the spring ten-.

sion of the fingers II'Ib is suflicient to provide a drive relationship between the housing H5 and the spur gear H3 and its attached ratchet II l under the impetus of the timing mechanism driving spring, the arrangement being such that slippage is permitted during initial setting of the parking meter.

Mounted on the hub 930 is a circular plate I I9 which serves as a cover for the uni-directional clutch mechanism just described, the cover II9, as seen in Fig. 9, being located approximately half way within the housing i I5.

Also located within the confines of the housing H5 is a secondary or timing mechanism driving spring I 22 which has one end secured to the hub 960. To facilitate assembling the device, the other end of the spring I22 is provided with a hooked portion I22a which may during assembly of the spring apparatus be hooked over a notch II5a formed in the housing H5. After assembly, the hooked portion may be slipped into the notch where as the spring seeks to unwind, it catches over a post I22?) formed on the intermediate plate 23.

Snapping on over the portion 96d of the hub 950 is a spring cover plate I20 provided with an arcuate slot IZEla through which the post I22b extends to engage the outer end of the spring and with an outturned lug I232). The cover plate I28 is also provided with an integrally formed arm I200 to which is secured one end of a coil spring IZIld, the other end of the spring being secured to an integrally formed arm I 2Ia of a winding disc I2I which, when the device is assembled, overlies the cover plate I20. In assembled condition a notch I2Ibembraces the upturned lug I231) to provide a lost motion connection and thereby to permit slight breathing" movement of the winding disc I2I relative to the disc I20.

Also formed on the disc I2I are a pair of winding ears I2Ic and I2Id which are adapted to be contacted by the pusher link 41 as the inductor plate 4| is moved inwardly with the insertion of a coin. Thus, when a coin is first inserted the pusher link 41 contacts the first ear I2Ic to rotate the winding disc I2I from the unwound position indicated in Fig. 31 to the position indicated in Fig. 32, and hence the disc I23 and the hub 96c are rotated to wind the spring I22. If a second coin is immediately inserted into the mechanism the link 41 contacts the second ear I2Id as shown in Fig. 35 to wind the spring I22 further. It is contemplated that the winding oi the spring accomplished by the contact between the link and the ear I2 Id will provide the spring with suificient stored power to complete the longest parking cycle permitted. If additional coins are inserted and the pusher plate or coin inductor is again manipulated, the link 41 will not contact the ear I2Id, the same having been rotated with insertion of the second coin to a position where it is no longer reached by the-link. Through this medium overwinding of the spring I22 is prevented.

When the inductor returns to its normal position through the action of its spring, the tip of the link 41 may catch under one or the other of the ears I2 Ic or I2 Id, such as shown in Fig. 33, and for this reason the notch I2Ib is made considerably wider than the lug I2Ilb to permit a slight movement of either of the ears so that the link may slide thereunder. The spring I20d serves to return the discs I20 and I2I to their proper relative position with the lug I20b abutting the left-hand side (as shown in Fig. 31) of the notch I2 Ib. As the timing spring runs down, the ears I2 Ia and I2Id are restored to their original position shown in Fig. 31.

As the timing mechanism times out the purchased parking time, the timing spring I22 through the medium of the slip clutch I I1 rotates the gear II I which is, of course, accompanied by rotation of the sector I24 which also carries the time indicator 35. Thus the timing mechanism seems to bias the time indicator 35 toward the zero scale position and would serve to move the indicator immediately to that position were it not for the delaying action of the escapement mechanism 99.

The lock Washer 53d serves as a retainer for a time control plate I28 and a bellcrank I29, both of which are rotatable on the ring I26 relatively to the ratchet wheel H4 and gear II3. This time control plate (see Fig. 11) has an arcuate slot I28a therethrough which clears the shank of a screw I30 threaded into a tapped hole in the ratchet wheel H4 and by means of which the time control plate can be secured against r0- tation relatively to the ratchet wheel in any rotative position within the limits determined by the length of the slot I 28a. Provision is thereby made for adjusting the time control plate relative to the ratchet wheel so as to vary the unit of time during which the mechanism will operate in response to actuation by a major coin. The time control plate I28 has two peripheral teeth I32 and I33 rotatively spaced to a degree corresponding to one-half of the total distance of rotation of the gear H3 or, otherwise stated, one-half the total arcuate sweep of the time indicator 35.

The coin gauge arm 9I has a laterally projecting ear 9Ib which overlaps the time control plate I28 in the direction parallel to the axis of rotation thereof; and when the coin gauge, including both arms and 9|, is pressed inwardly by a major coin, as shown in Fig. 21, the ear 9Ib is so positioned radially that it is operative to engage one or the other of the two teeth I32 or I33, depending upon which of the two teeth is then in position to be so engaged, and will efiect such engagement when the coin carrier is thereafter rotated by the power mechanism in the manner previously explained.

When the meter is fully run down, the tooth I32 is so positioned that, upon rotation of the coin carrier with a major coin therein, it will be engaged by the ear 9Ib, and the time control plate, together with the ratchet wheel II4, gear I I3, and housing I I5, will consequently be rotated through a distance sufficient to displace the time indicator 35 to an extent corresponding to a ih'ajor'unit of time, usually onehourl Rotation of the time control plate results-inshifting the rotative positicn of the two teeth so that' the tooth I 33 then occupies the' position previously occupied by the tooth I32; and if a secondmajor coin is' promptly deposited and the push plate 4'I is depressed, asbeiore, the ear 9 Ib will engage the tooth I33 and, asa result, the time indicator will be further displaced to anextent corresponding to a second major unit of time of the same duration as the first-mentioned major unit. If, on' the contrary, there isa considerable delay between the deposit of the first major coin and the deposit of the second-major coin, the ear 911) will not engage the'tooth 33-min will, instead, again engage the tooth I32 because during the interim the time control plate slowly rotates in the opposite direction under impetus of the spring I22, subject to restraint of the brake mechanism 99. g

The bellcr'ank' I29 is freely rotatable on the ring' I25; and has a relatively long arm I23a and a short arm I ZSb'W'hich' latter is connected; as will later be'explained; to a counter which functibn'sto' totalize' the deposited coins'in minor coin units. The freeend of the arm I 29a is approxi-'- mately co-terminous with the teeth I32 and I33 and consequently when the time control plate I23 is rotated, as a result of engagement of one of its teeth by the coin gauge ear Blb, the free end of the arm I29a will also be engaged by this ear, and the bellcrank will accordingly be rotated. Them'echanisrn whereby the coin counter is ac-' tua't'ed to record receipt of a major coin in r'es'ponse to rotation of the'b'ellcrank I 29' will be discussed in detail at a later point.

Operation with a minor coin Special reference is now made to Figs.- 9, l3 and 22 24 in conjunction with the ensuing description of mechanism having to'- do specifically with setting of the meter in response toa minor coin, and explanation of the mode of operation thereof.

The'diameter of aminor coin-is enough smaller than that of a major coinso-that the coin gauge is not pressed inwardly thereby far enough to enametne coin gauge ear 9Ib to engage either tooth I32 or 33. The ratchetwheel II4 has a series of peripheral ratchet teeth I35 engageable by a pawl I35 having atooth=engaging lug I35kz.

This paw'l-comp'ris'es'twd parallel arm's I35b and I350 which are laterally spaced and joined to gether" by abridge portion 13501. The arm; I350 is notched'to fo'r'r'ri a shoulder at I35 which is positionedfo'r' engagement by" the ear 9Ib of the coin gauge arm 9F whenever'the coin carrier is rotated" with aminor'c'oin, as illustrated-in Figs. 23-25; The pawl I35 is pivotally connected at I3? to the distal end of an arm I33 which is mounted for free rotation on a bushing I33 fixed- 1y secured to and carried by a shaft I 40 (see Fig. 9). A=spring I42 having one end connected to arm= I352) and the other end anchored to a finger I I Ia on a bracket I41, serves normally to hold the pawl I 35 and the arm; I33 in the retracted positions shown in Fig. 22 where the coin carrier occupies its normal coin receiving position with a minor coin inserted therein. Fig. 23 shows th condition which obtains when the coin carrier is partially rotated with a minor coin, theear' 9517 being about to engage the shoulder I36 on the pawl I 35; Fig. 24 shows a conditioii which obtains after the ear 9 lohas en gages the shoulder I35 of the pawl I35 and the 18 coin carrier has completed its rotary movement. When the ear III b encounters the shoulder I36 the pawl I35 is rotatedclockwise about itspiyot I31 until the lug I35a is seated in a notch between two of the ratchet teeth I34; thereafter the force imparted to the pawl I35 by the coin gauge produces rotation of the ratchet wheel I14 and concurrentrotaucnor the gear II3. Because the pawl I35 is precluded from further rot'at'ioii after engaging the ratchet wheel II4, any further movement thereof by the coin gauge causes the arm I33 to rotate from the normal in which it is shown in Fig. 22 to the ate position of Fig. 24. The rotat'ive displacement ofth'eratchet wheel II4 effected by a single actuation of the pawl I35 in response to a minorcoin, i'sa proportional part of the angular displacement'thereof' which occurs in response to a'niajor'coin. For example, if the value of the minor coin-is one-fifth that of the major coin, the mechanism would ordinarily be so designed that the distance" of rotation of the ratchet wheel I I 4" efiected by asi'ngie actuation of the fiawl I3 5 is one-fifth the distance of rotation thereofeifected in response to a major co'in. It is' optional, however, to design the mechanism other e. so as to cause a disproportionate displa ment of the ratchet wheel in return for a mirror coin.

The coin counter and counter actuating mechanism The coin counter per se which is identified as a whole by reference numeral I45 is' Shawn in perspective in Fig. 13; It i'SrernovabIyattacHed to and supported by tha r'e'a'r' name plate 27 at the location 'shown'in Fig. '7,' and' operates'to count th'e'coin's in relation to the number deposited; and not in relation to the time registered on the indicator. This device includes a driven spur pinion 146 which is continuously inmesh with a spur gear I41; androt'ation of the" pinion I46 is effective to actuate the counter and thus cause the numerical reading topr'ogress'in proportionto' rotatiyeadvanceof the gear I41. To register a major coin 6n the counter, the gear f4? must rotate through a distance which is proportionate tothe value of the major coin'. and likewise to register a minor coin the gear I 41 nius't rotate through a distance which is proportionate to the val ueof theininor coin.

Referring now to the bell crank I29" (see Fig. 11), it'has been previously noted that when the coin gauge'ear 91b engages" one'of the two teeth I32 of I33 on the time control plate I28 it" also engages thefr'ee end portion of the b'ellcrank arm H2911, being thus adapted to rotate the'b'ellcrank at the same time that it rotates the time control plate; The" ear' SIb also engages the arln I 2902 and'one or the other of the teeth I32 or I33 only when a major coin is' in' the coin carrier. The bellcrank I29 is never displaced from its normal position'save in respons to'th'e deposit of a major com.

A sheet metal rocker I 48- ('see'Fig. 13) which is freely rotatable on the bushing I 39- (seeFig. 9) includes an arm I48d'whi'ch is apertured to receiv the laterally projecting lower endof alink !49 the upper end of which engages an aperture in the short arm I292) of the bellcrank I29, as clearly shown in Figs. 19 and 21'. The rocker I 48 also induces a pair of laterally projecting fingers I48?) and I'48c"the" function of which will be x lained Iaten' Fiir'edly" secured to and rotatable with the 

